Ownership of dual class shares and passive investment strategies

Tax Avoidance and Institutional Ownership: Active vs. Passive Ownership

Income tax is one of the most important costs of companies and it is usually considered as a cost that should not be paid. One of the most noticeable and influential factors in tax avoidance is corporate ownership structure. With an emphasis on institutional ownership and its types in this paper, it is attempted to measure the effect of this ownership and its types on corporate tax avoidance. F...

Passive Investment Strategies and Efficient Markets

This paper presents the case for and the evidence in favour of passive investment strategies and examines the major criticisms of the technique. I conclude that the evidence strongly supports passive investment management in all markets—smallcapitalisation stocks as well as large-capitalisation equities, US markets as well as international markets, and bonds as well as stocks. Recent attacks on...

Passive Investment Strategies and Financial Bubbles

Multinational Ownership and Subsidiary Investment

This paper examines how foreign ownership affects the investment decisions of subsidiary firms using a new dataset of listed-parent − listed-subsidiary pairs. We find that improvements in the investment opportunities of parent firms have a negative effect on the investment of their subsidiaries, after controlling for the investment opportunities of the subsidiary, which can be independently obs...

Exploring Investment Strategies in Financial Markets through Agent-based Modeling: Active Investment Strategy and Passive Investment Strategy Exploring Investment Strategies in Financial Markets through Agent-based Modeling: Active Investment Strategy and Passive Investment Strategy

Recent progress of computer technology makes it possible to analyze financial and economic systems through simulation studies. Among them, agent-based modeling is promising. In this paper, using agentbased modeling from distributed artificial intelligence, I discuss the validity of passive investment strategies in financial markets where active investors who hold future information exist. As a ...